There are fundamentally two possible changes in an economy that will each cause inflation unless oth...

题目信息

There are fundamentally two possible changes in an economy that will each cause inflation unless other compensating changes also occur. These changes are either reductions in the supply of goods and services or increases in demand. In a pre-banking economy the quantity of money available, and hence the level of demand, is equivalent to the quantity of gold available.

If the statements above are true, then it is also true that in a pre-banking economy

A:any inflation is the result of reductions in the supply of goods and services

B:if other factors in the economy are unchanged, increasing the quantity of gold available will lead to inflation

C:if there is a reduction in the quantity of gold available, then, other things being equal, inflation must result

D:the quantity of goods and services purchasable by a given amount of gold is constant

E:whatever changes in demand occur, there will be compensating changes in the supply of goods and services

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正确答案： B:if other factors in the economy are unchanged, increasing the quantity of gold available will lead to inflation

答案B
题目大意：除非有其他补偿性变化发生，否则从根本上说，经济中会有两种可能会导致通货膨胀的变化。这些变化要么是商品和服务的供应减少，要么是需求增加。在前银行业经济中，可用货币数量以及需求水平等价于可用黄金数量。
如果以上陈述是正确的，那么在银行业前的经济中也是如此
核心逻辑：运用“货物服务供给减少/货币增加-通货膨胀“之间的逻辑关系，进行选择。
A.任何通货膨胀是商品和服务供应减少的结果。由题意还有货币增加，错误。
B.如果经济中的其他因素不变，那么增加可用黄金数量将导致通货膨胀。控制变量，运用核心逻辑，正确。
C.如果可利用的黄金数量减少，那么在其他条件相同的情况下，必然导致通货膨胀。和题目条件相反，错误。
D.一定数量的黄金可购买的商品和服务的数量是恒定的。由题目知不恒定，错误。
E.无论需求发生什么变化，商品和服务的供应都会发生补偿性变化。题目中未讨论此内容，难以得出此结论。

笔记