题目信息

Scientists have made genetic modifications to cotton to increase its resistance to insect pests. According to farmers' report, the amount of insecticide needed per acre to control insect pests was only slightly lower for those who tried the modified seed than for those who did not. Therefore, since the modified seed costs more than ordinary seed without producing yields of higher market value, switching to the modified seed would be unlikely to benefit most cotton farmers economically.


Which of the following would it be most useful to know in order to evaluate the argument?

A:Whether farmers who tried the modified cotton seed had ever tried growing other crops from genetically modified seed
B:Whether the insecticides typically used on ordinary cotton tend to be more expensive than insecticides typically used on other crops
C:Whether for most farmers who grow cotton it is their primary crop
D:Whether the farmers who have tried the modified seed planted as many acres of cotton, on average, as farmers using the ordinary seed did
E:Whether most of the farmers who tried the modified seed did so because they had previously had to use exceptionally large quantities of insecticide
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正确答案: D:Whether the farmers who have tried the modified seed planted as many acres of cotton, on average, as farmers using the ordinary seed did

1. identify the question: evaluate,因此正确选项给了信息是或否会导致argument正确或不正确。

2. deconstruct the argument:论点核心:因为,用新种子的单位杀虫剂使用量只比用旧种子的单位杀虫剂使用量低一点点;且两种种子的产量相同,所以用新种子不会让农民赚更多钱。

3. state the goal:正确选项会使我们评估argument对不对,那选项给的信息应该能让我们判断农民使用两种种子赚的钱有没有差别。

4. work from right to wrong:

A 用了新种子的农民有没有种过其他改良基因的作物;完全无关,排除。

棉花杀虫剂和其他作物的杀虫剂价格一不一样;完全无关,排除。

棉花是不是农民的主要作物; 完全无关,排除。

使用新种子的农民种的棉花面积和使用旧种子的农民种的棉花面积的一样。

转基因试验中农民测出的单位用量是一个样本,如果样本不够则单位用量会产生偏差,比方说做一个馒头会用掉3两面粉,做100个馒头可能只需要200两面粉,每个馒头只需要2两,所以实验中的农民能否代表大多数农民是重点;保留

农民改用新种子是不是因为旧种子使用的杀虫剂太多了;

新种子单位面积只能节省一点点杀虫剂,如果是这个原因,换成新种子也没能节省什么杀虫剂;如果不是这个原因,有其他原因,则更不能让我们知道新种子能不能带来经济效益;无关,排除。

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