The primary purpose of the passage is to

题目信息

For many years, theoretical economists characterized humans as rational beings relentlessly bent on maximizing purely selfish reward. Results of an experimental economics study appear to contradict this view, however. In the ""Ultimatum Game,"" two subjects, who cannot exchange information, are placed in separate rooms. One is randomly chosen to propose how a sum of money, known to both, should be shared between them; only one offer, which must be accepted or rejected without negotiation, is allowed.

If, in fact, people are selfish and rational, then the proposer should offer the smallest possible share, while the responder should accept any offer, no matter how small: after all, even one dollar is better than nothing. In numerous trials, however, two-thirds of the offers made were between 40 and 50 percent; only 4 percent were less than 20 percent. Among responders, more than half who were offered less than 20 percent rejected the offer. Behavior in the game did not appreciably depend on the players' sex, age, or education. Nor did the amount of money involved play a significant role: for instance, in trials of the game that were conducted in Indonesia, the sum to be shared was as much as three times the subjects' average monthly income, and still responders refused offers that they deemed too small.

A:provide evidence in support of the view that human beings are essentially rational and selfish

B:use a particular study to challenge the argument that the economic behavior of human beings may be motivated by factors other than selfishness

C:compare certain views about human nature held by theoretical economists with those held by experimental economists

D:describe a study that apparently challenges theoretical economists' understanding of human economic behavior

E:suggest that researchers may have failed to take into account the impact of certain noneconomic factors in designing a study of human economic behavior

参考答案及共享解析

共享解析来源为网络权威资源、GMAT高分考生等；如有疑问，欢迎在评论区提问与讨论

正确答案： D:describe a study that apparently challenges theoretical economists' understanding of human economic behavior

*内容概述：
 文章开头说女性的草根运动时期和他们对新文明意识的看法的核心来自于美国在大推进时期的社会改革。接着进一步解释在这一时期中产白人女性改革者取得的成就。接下来笔锋一转，在童工问  题上不同阶级女性看法不同。改革者认为必须剔除，但工人阶级则认为童工法会让家庭里干活的人变少，生活难以为继。最后是作者的评价，承认改革者要求不适用童工是正确的，但他们没有考  虑到工人阶级的家庭经济状况

*文章类型：人文历史
*文章套路：对比解释说明
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*题目类型：主旨题
*选项分析：主旨题去看全文内容概述。本文的目的就是文章的结尾处说的中产阶级改革者没能够理解公认阶级的经济状况。因此正确答案是D

笔记