题目信息
Despite their many differences of temperament and
of literary perspective, Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne,
Melville, and Whitman shared certain beliefs. Common
to all these writers is their humanistic perspective.
Its basic premises are that humans are the spiritual
center of the universe and that in them alone is the
clue to nature, history, and ultimately the cosmos.
Without denying outright the existence of a deity, this
perspective explains humans and the world in terms of humanity.
This common perspective is almost always
universalized. It emphasizes the human as universal,
freed from the accidents of time, space, birth, and
talent. Thus, for Emerson, the “American Scholar” turns out to be simply “Man Thinking,” while, for
Whitman, the “Song of Myself” merges imperceptibly
into a song of all the “children of Adam,” where “every
atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.”
Also common to all five writers is the belief that self-realization depends on the harmonious
reconciliation of two universal psychological
tendencies: first, the self-asserting impulse of
the individual to be responsible only to himself or
herself, and second, the self-transcending impulse of the individual to know and become one with
that world. These conflicting impulses can be seen
in the democratic ethic. Democracy advocates
individualism, the preservation of the individual's
freedom and self-expression. But the democratic self
is torn between the duty to self, which is implied by
the concept of liberty, and the duty to society, which
is implied by the concepts of equality and fraternity.
A third assumption common to the five writers is
that intuition and imagination offer a surer road to
truth than does abstract logic or scientific method. It
is illustrated by their emphasis upon introspection—
their belief that the clue to external nature is to be
found in the inner world of individual psychology—and
by their interpretation of experience as, in essence,
symbolic. Both these stresses presume an organic
relationship between the self and the cosmos of
which only intuition and imagination can properly take
account. These writers' faith in the imagination and
in themselves led them to conceive of the writer as a seer.
of literary perspective, Emerson, Thoreau, Hawthorne,
Melville, and Whitman shared certain beliefs. Common
to all these writers is their humanistic perspective.
Its basic premises are that humans are the spiritual
center of the universe and that in them alone is the
clue to nature, history, and ultimately the cosmos.
Without denying outright the existence of a deity, this
perspective explains humans and the world in terms of humanity.
This common perspective is almost always
universalized. It emphasizes the human as universal,
freed from the accidents of time, space, birth, and
talent. Thus, for Emerson, the “American Scholar” turns out to be simply “Man Thinking,” while, for
Whitman, the “Song of Myself” merges imperceptibly
into a song of all the “children of Adam,” where “every
atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.”
Also common to all five writers is the belief that self-realization depends on the harmonious
reconciliation of two universal psychological
tendencies: first, the self-asserting impulse of
the individual to be responsible only to himself or
herself, and second, the self-transcending impulse of the individual to know and become one with
that world. These conflicting impulses can be seen
in the democratic ethic. Democracy advocates
individualism, the preservation of the individual's
freedom and self-expression. But the democratic self
is torn between the duty to self, which is implied by
the concept of liberty, and the duty to society, which
is implied by the concepts of equality and fraternity.
A third assumption common to the five writers is
that intuition and imagination offer a surer road to
truth than does abstract logic or scientific method. It
is illustrated by their emphasis upon introspection—
their belief that the clue to external nature is to be
found in the inner world of individual psychology—and
by their interpretation of experience as, in essence,
symbolic. Both these stresses presume an organic
relationship between the self and the cosmos of
which only intuition and imagination can properly take
account. These writers' faith in the imagination and
in themselves led them to conceive of the writer as a seer.
It can be inferred that intuition is important to the five writers primarily because it provides them with
A:information useful for understanding abstract logic and scientific method
B:the discipline needed in the search for truth
C:inspiration for their best writing
D:clues to the interpretation of symbolic experience
E:the means of resolving conflicts between the self and the world
参考答案及共享解析
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已选答案：
正确答案：
D:clues to the interpretation of symbolic experience
答案 D
最后一段指出，这五位作家都认为，与抽象的逻辑或科学的方法相比，直觉和想象提供了一条通往真理更可靠的道路。此外，作者指出，这在某种程度上可以通过他们对经验本质上是象征性的解释来说明。这表明，直觉的价值很大程度上与它协助解释符号经验的能力有关。
A.这篇文章表明作者相信直觉比抽象的逻辑和科学的方法更能通向真理。然而，这并不意味着这些作者相信直觉有助于理解抽象逻辑或科学方法。
B.这篇文章表明作者相信直觉有助于得到真理。然而，它并没有表明这是因为它为他们提供了寻找真理所需要的任何纪律。
C.也许是直觉激发了这五位作家写出了最好的作品。然而，这篇文章并没有提供任何信息让我们做出这样的推断。
D.正确。这篇文章表明，这些作家相信直觉是重要的，因为直觉(和想象)有助于解释符号经验。
E.这篇文章没有指出直觉涉及到解决自我和世界之间的冲突。
最后一段指出，这五位作家都认为，与抽象的逻辑或科学的方法相比，直觉和想象提供了一条通往真理更可靠的道路。此外，作者指出，这在某种程度上可以通过他们对经验本质上是象征性的解释来说明。这表明，直觉的价值很大程度上与它协助解释符号经验的能力有关。
A.这篇文章表明作者相信直觉比抽象的逻辑和科学的方法更能通向真理。然而，这并不意味着这些作者相信直觉有助于理解抽象逻辑或科学方法。
B.这篇文章表明作者相信直觉有助于得到真理。然而，它并没有表明这是因为它为他们提供了寻找真理所需要的任何纪律。
C.也许是直觉激发了这五位作家写出了最好的作品。然而，这篇文章并没有提供任何信息让我们做出这样的推断。
D.正确。这篇文章表明，这些作家相信直觉是重要的，因为直觉(和想象)有助于解释符号经验。
E.这篇文章没有指出直觉涉及到解决自我和世界之间的冲突。
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